http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/pgc.asp?page=islam/islamsbook.html#The%20Persians

title In audiolingualmethod what is the role an theory of teacher and what is the response of the learner?  ,

 

 

How can effected listening to English news and music in diffrent ways in lerning english?  

http://research-papers2.blogfa.com

writing research papers2

i had rewrite my proposal.

 

      The holy Quran is one of the most important books in the whole world. There are too many non-arab muslims from many countries with different languages who are interested in reading and understanding its meaning. So translation of Holy Quran has great importance which is difficult and problematic concept. Translation of Quran is not an easy issue. Some Quranic passages are difficult to understand even by native arab-speakers. Picktall named his translation "The meaning of the Holy Quarn" rather than the Quran.

      Catford (1965: 20) defines translation as "the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language."

The first translator of Quran was the Persian Salman who translated Fatihah in Persian language for his countrymen. Other early translations were made for Emperor Negus of Abyssinia and Byzantine Emperor Heraclius. Both of them received letters which contained translated verses of Quran. The first Latin translation of Quran was made by Robertus Ketenesis in 1143. According to modern scholars, the translation tended to harm Islam. After years European translators translated Ketenensis'   Latin version in their own language so they were not the translations of Quran directly from Arabic. As a result early European translations of Quran were distorted and wrong. Ludovico Marracci translated the   second Latin translation in 1698. It contained an essay titled ''Refutation of the Quran". Marraci's goal was to discredit Islam. Andre du Ryer made the first French translation in 1647 and again it came out in 1775. The Ryer translation also caused the others to make other retransalations, like an English version by Alexander Ross in 1649 and a Dutch version by Glazemaker, a German version by Lange and the Russian version by Postnikov. The most important one was the first scholarly translation by George Sale in 1734. This translation was Arabic into English. Since then, there have been important English translations which all of their translators were non-Muslims such as translations by Richard Bell in 1937, John Rodwell in 1861, Arthur John Arberry in 1955, E.H. Palmer in 1880. The most famous and popular muslims who translated Quran are Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, Maulana Muhammad Ali, Marmaduke Picthall, Muhammad Habib Shakir, Dr. Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al Hilali, Abdullah Yusuf Ali and Muhammad Asad.

 

      In Newmark`s view there is two kinds of translations known as the semantic translation and the communicative one. These kinds of translations have differences in application.

 

      ``… Communicative translation attempts to produce on its readers on effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original. Semantic translation attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meaning of the original.

(Newmark  1981:39) 

                                                                                                                                       

      Some of scientists believe that in translation of literary texts we should follow  communicative translation, also all of us know that Quran is a literary book, there is a view that let us to translate it in communicative form rather than semantic form. This view believes that in these kinds of spiritual texts the most important thing which the translator should convey to another language is the whole meaning of each sentences or maybe each paragraphs not the equivalent meaning of each words in the target language. In fact the message of the context is important. On the other hand other scientists believe that the Quran should be translated in semantic form because it is a revelation in Arabic and it is not alterable.

      The purpose of my study is to compare and contrast the semantic translation of quarn in Persian language with the communicative one. I want to address teachers and students of translation. I need information on semantic and communicative translation, and the views and theories of scientists about both of them.

 

Hello dear proffesor :

My paper is about saedi’s work but during my research I faced with some problem,at first I think

saedi is surrealism but with studying some sourses and reading some of his work I findout he is

REALISM now I want to write about(realism in Gholam Hossien Saedi’s story ,Geda,)

 

Thank for your attention

 

outline

Outline

I .Definition of motivation

A .Types of motivation

1.     Intrinsic motivation

2.     Extrinsic motivation

II .History of motivation

III .The effects of motivation on language learning

A .Comparing views

1.     Gardner’s viewpoint

2.     Dornyei’s  viewpoint

IV .Conclusion

Abstract

     This study considers the problems of learning English as a foreign language (EFL). But first of all it will talks about learning & acquisition. Of the 4,000 to 5,000 living languages, English is by far the most widely used. According to necessity of learning English as an international language that is used for communication all over the world , in Iran, as well people need to learn it. Then we will go through three kinds of learning English, involve EFL, ESL, EIL. Some countries like India learn English as their second language, ESL. Due to English in Iran is a foreign language, this study more is related to EFL which is taught in the schools and institutes. Undoubtedly, it has faced with problems, such as the difference between reading and writing English , lack of facilities, problem of English books etc, that we will mention them and represent some statistics.    

 

Introduction

There are many techniques which used in classes for enhancing kid’s abilities in learning a second language like making use of song and image. It’s quite clear that song and image have been part of human experiences for as long as we can remember, an integral part of our language, and if used in coordination with each other they can be of great value. The literature abounds with the positive theories and large scale of studies regarding the efficacy of song and picture as vehicles for first and second language acquisition. Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Krashen’s Second Language Hypotheses, Theoretical background from the view point of Kress and van Leeuwen and Paivio’s Dual Coding Theory (DCT) and Education that all support the importance of applying the mentioned techniques. Also some other researchers like Medina (1993), empirically has approved the topic. Thesis sentence: Song and image theoretically are two possible techniques for learning vocabulary in E.S.L

                                                                                                       

                                                                         :Thesis statement

The idea which is going to be discussed in this research paper is the correlation study of the role of authority in human life in two different early twentieth century works of art first in Trial by       Kafka and then Animal farm by George orwell                                                                                           .                                   

Out line

      Trial

       Introduction

      Characters

       The idea of writer in this work

   humanity

   marriage and social relations

   human existence

       relations between The Trial and Crime and Punishment

     Theme

   religion

   language and meaning

  justice

   sex roles

   the universe vs. the individual

      style

   parable

  defamiliarization

       symbolism

      historical context

   Bohemia

   World war I

  Kafka’s works explanation

   The role of authority and justice in Trial

  Animal farm

  Introduction

  Characters

   Significance

   Animal farm criticism

   Animal farm as social criticism

   The role of authority in relation to this two works

   references

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                Research topic

Correlation study:     the role of human authority in two different works of art first Trial by Kafka 

                                                                              and second Animal farm by George orwell

                                                                                                          

                                                                                                              Thesis statement

The idea which is going to be discussed in this research paper is the correlation study of the role

    of authority in human life in two different early twentieth century works of art first in Trial by          

                                                                       Kafka and then Animal farm by George orwell        

                                                                                                                                    outlin

      Trial

     Introduction

      Characters

      The idea of writer in this work

  humanity

  marriage and social relations

  human existence

       relations between The Trial and Crime and Punishment

      Theme

 religion

  language and meaning

   justice

   sex roles

   the universe vs. the individual

      style

   parable

  defamiliarization

       symbolism

       historical context

  Bohemia

   World war I

   Kafka’s works explanation

   The role of authority and justice in Trial

   Animal farm

   Introduction

   Character

  Significance

   Animal farm criticism

   Animal farm as social criticism

   The role of authority in relation to this two works

  references

 

 

                                                                                                                            

                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                         

Dear Sir,

I get some of my texts from weblogs. What should i do in that case?

I mean for intext citatian?

thanks